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P. BLACHON & E. MIMARD. MAGAZINE PISTOL.

No. 520,666. Patented May 29, 1894.

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PETRUS BLAOHON AND ETIENNE MIMARD, OF ST. ETIENNE, FRANCE.

MAGAZIN E-PISTO L.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 520,666, dated May 29,1894.

Application filed June 23,1893. Serial No. 478,551. (No model.) Patentedin France August 3, 1892, No. 223,444, and in Belgium August 3, 1892,No. 100,800-

To aZZ whom it may concern;

Be it known that we, PnrRUs BLAOHON and ETIENNE MIMARD, both citizen ofthe Republic of France, and residing in St. Etienne, (Loire,) France,have invented a Pocket-Firearm, (for which we have obtained a patent inFrance, dated August 3, 1892, No. 223,444, and in Belgium, dated August3, 1892, No. 100,800,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a firearm of the magazine or repeating typecapable of being conveniently carried in the pocket and discharged withone hand. This weapon admits of successive shots being discharged withgreat rapidity and possesses great strength and simplicity ofconstruction. It can be taken to pieces and put together again withoutthe aid of any special tool, the parts being so constructed as to becapable of being connected and disconnected with great facility. And inorder that our said invention may be fully understood we shall nowproceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purposeshall refer to the several figures on the annexed sheet of drawings, thesame letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all thefigures.

Figures 1 to 11 of the accompanying drawings illustrate all theconstituent parts of the firearm separately. Fig. 1 shows in sideelevation, vertical sections and in plan, the breech box. Fig.2represents a vertical section, an end view and a side elevation of thestock-plate. Fig. 3 represents the movable breech block in sideelevations, end views, longitudinal section and plan. Fig. 4. shows thefiring pin, and Fig. 5 the ejector. Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are detail viewshereinafter referred to. Fig. 9 shows the side closing plate, and Fig.10 a sliding top plate. Fig. 11 represents a cartridge. Figs. 12 to 17illustrate the complete firearm in the different positions for firing,safety, taking apart, &c., as hereinafter referred to. These figuresalso show the internal arrangement of the weapon and explain its action.

The grip or handle of the firearm consists of a species of breech box A,Figs. 1, 12 and 13, closed laterally by a lid or cover D and comprisinga barrel B (Fig. 1) firmly attached by a screw, a chamber or receiver afor the movable breech block, a chamber b for the trigger action and achamber 0 forming a cartridge magazine. The chambers 12 and c areseparated by a partition d provided with two studst and t on which aresupported springs R and B, Fig. 16, which constantly tend to thrust backthe movable breech block 0. The rear wall of the breech box is notchedor recessed to form a passage for the movable breech block and itsguides. The upper side of the box is formed with an opening 0 for theintroduction of the cartridges and the ejection of the shells. Thisopening can be closed by a sliding plate 0 provided with a projection orthumb piece 0 which is formed with a notch constituting the back sight.The box is also provided with sundry other notches, recesses, grooves,850., connected with the action of the breech mechanism, or with theoperations of putting the parts together and closing the breech ashereinafter explained. On a spindle passing through the chamber 1) thereis a cam c, and a spring 7' engages with this cam in such a manner as toretain or steady it in either of the three positions into which it canbe placed by manipulating a lever 19 arranged on the end of the spindleoutside the box.

The movable breech block 0, Fig. 3, is formed by a block of prismaticshape provided at the head or front end with two claws c c acting as acartridge extractor; the cen ter of this breech block, being cut awayfor the purpose, is occupied by the striker P (Figs. 4 and 16) which isacted on by a mainspring 10'. The under side of the movable breech blockis provided with a longitudinal slot 0 in which the heel or detent p ofthe striker slides and the sides of this slot are provided with a notchand an incline c hereinafter described. The sides of the movable breechblock present recesses c for the reception of an ejector (Figs. 5, 15and 17) formed by two blade springs e and 6 attached to one yoke piece crocking in a recess a formed in the upper part of the movable breechblock (Figs. 3 and 16).

The movable breech block 0 is provided with a tube or socket C for thereception of the spring B (Fig. 16). This tube is screwed to a thrust orstock plate T, Figs. 2 and 16,

provided at its lower extremity with a tubular socket 0 receiving thespring R. The sockets C and C are each provided with a small projectiona a bearing against the rear end of the breech case and acting as stopswhich limit the backward movement of the movable breech block.

Upon the cam e worked by the lever 19 there is'placed a collar f, Fig.6, guided above and below the cam by rods sliding in guides in thebreech box, Fig. 16, and being constantly pressed upward by a spring 0*.The upper partf of this collar acts as the nose of the scar and engageswith the detent p of the striker while the projecting partf is situatedopposite to a notch 0 Figs. 3 and 14, and can be pushed down by anincline 0 Figs. 3 and 17.

The ejector, Fig. 5, is provided in addition to the blade springs 6' 6with a short arm 6 carrying a pin projecting into a groove g formed inthe side of the breech box Fig.1 in the chamber or receiver a.

The magazine 61 of the breech box is provided with a vertically slidingelevator i, Figs. '7 and 16, acted on by a helical spring R Figs. 8 and1G, bearing against the bottom of the magazine, its upward movementbeinglimited by a projection 70, Figs. 1 and 16. A small projection Itprevents the elevator from slipping out of the magazine. A slot Z in theside of the magazine enables the position of the elevator to be seenfrom the exterior so as to indicate the number of cartridges containedin the magazine. The side of the breech box is closed by a plate D Figs.9 and 12, sliding in dovetailed guides in the upper and lower part ofthe box and corresponding exactly with the form of the latter. Thisplate is provided with a bolt or catch 0 pivoted at o and engaging withthe notches m or 01, Figs. 1 and 15, according as the plate is partiallypulled out (Fig. 14) or completely closed (Fig. 12). The tail of thiscatch is acted upon by the notch m in such a manner as to cause thecatch to return to the closed position. A recess 15 formed in the plateT, Fig. 2, receives the projecting part of the catch 17 and maintainsthe plate D in the closed position when firing.

The action of the parts is as follows: The lever 19 is capable of beingplaced in three different positions, namely, the position for unloadingand taking the mechanism to pieces, the safety position and the firingposition all three indicated on the left hand side of the breech box asrepresented in Fig. 13. In the position for unloading and taking thelock to pieces indicated in Fig. 14, the collar f is in its lowestposition so that the sear nose f is situated out of the path of thestriker P which consequently cannot be held back or cocked. 'When theparts are in this position the weapon can be unloaded and taken topieces without any difficulty or inconvenience. In order to unload it itis simply necessary to grasp the breech in the hand and press the palmagainst the plate T afterward releasing the latter which is moved backautomatically by the action of the springs B and R. The forward movementenables the movable breech block to push into the barrel the cartridgesituated between its front claws c c and enables the arms e e of theejector to pass under the lower part of the rim of the cartridge asindicated in Fig. 17. The ejector is actuated by means of its arm 6which comes in contact with the front extremity of the slot g in thebreech box. In the backward movement, the cartridge is drawn out by theclaws c c and the ejector throws it out through the opening 0 when thearm 6 comes in contact with the rear end of the slot 9 which has theeffect of raising it. In order to take the mechanism to pieces it issufficient to push up the small catch o and draw the plate D toward theouter end of the barrel, which plate then assumes the position indicatedin Fig. 14:. During this movement of the plate D, the catch v is loweredagain by the end opposite the hooked end coming in contact with thelower edgeof the notch m; and at the end of this movement of the plate Dthe hooked end of the catch 1: catches on the lower edge of the notch m.By again raising the catch 11 it can now be disengaged from the notch mso as to enable the plate D to be drawn completely out of the breechbox. hen this plate has been removed the whole of the movable breechblock and supporting plate can be removed by drawing them to one side.The movable breech can then be unscrewed from the plate T therebyrelieving the striker. The ejector can be taken out in like manner andthe collar embracing the cam can be taken out with the same facility aswell as the cartridge elevator and its spring. No tool is required fortaking the mechanism to pieces, this being extremely convenient andadvantageous. When the parts are in position for firing the collarembracing the cam occupies an intermediate position indicated in Fig.16, so that the nose f of the sear engages with the detent p of thestriker. The latter is consequently held back or cocked when the movablebreech block is pushed forward by the pressure exerted upon the plate T.While this movement is taking place a cartridge is pushed into thebarrel and when the breech is completely closed the part j of the searcomes in contact with the incline c on the breech block (Fig. 17) whichdepresses it so as to disengage the striker which is then forced forwardby the spring 19' and strikes the cartridge with sufficient force tocause it to explode. The extraction and ejection of the empty cartridgeshell are performed as hereinbefore described with reference to theunloading. The ejected shell is immediately replaced by a freshcartridge pushed up from the magazine by the action of the spring R Inthe position of safety the collar f embracing the cam occupies thehighest position as ICO IIO

indicated in Fig. 15, so that the part f engages with the recess 0 inthe movable breech block and locks the latter so that it cannot be movedby pressing upon the plate.

The loading of the weapon is a most simple operation. The sliding plateobeing pushed forward so as to expose the opening 0, the cartridges areintroduced into the magazine point foremost through this opening and thetrough or elevator is pressed down and compresses the spring R and thesecond cartridge introduced is retained by the arms of the ejector whichnow occupy the highest position. When the weapon is not in use the slide0 is of course drawn back so as to cover the opening 0 and prevent theintroduction of foreign matter into the breech action. With the sameobject the safety notch .0 may be arranged in such a manner that thebreech is maintained closed and no space exists between the plate T andthe breech box when the weapon is carried.

WVe do not limit ourselves to the particular shape or dimensionsindicated in the drawings which may be modified according tocircumstances Without affecting the principle of the invention. Anysuitable metal may be employed in the construction of this firearm.

We claim as our invention 1. In a fire arm, the combination of a breech,with a movable breech-block provided with a striker, an extractor and anejector, and a sear for retaining the striker, and guided in the breech,a cam pivoted in the breech and adapted to control the movements of thesear by the position of the said cam, and alever actuated from theoutside of the firearm to control the position of the cam, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a fire-arm, the combination of a receiver provided with a groove,witha movable breech-block having an extractor, and an ejector pivotedto the movable breech block and provided with a projection working inthe said groove to raise and lower the said ejector, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

3. In a fire-arm, the combination of a receiver, with a movablebreech-block provided with an extractor, an ejector pivoted to thebreech-block and adapted to be raised and lowered by the movements ofthe breechblock, and a striker and a movable stockplate attached to themovable breech-block to impart to the fire-arm the several movementsnecessary for working it.

4. In a fire-arm, the combination of a breech forming the handle of theweapon and provided with three compartments, one for the movablebreech-block and having an opening in its upper part, the second for thetrigger mechanism, and the third forming a cartridge magazine, with amovable breech-block provided with a striker, an extractor, and anejector, a sliding cover D and a sliding plate 0, all substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

5. In a fire-arm,the combination of abreech provided with a pivoted camand a lever to actuate the cam, with a movable breech block providedwith a notch c and an incline 0 a striker in the movable breech block,and provided with a projection, a Scar having two projections, one toengage the projection on the striker, and the other adapted to be actedupon by the incline o and in the safety position adapted to enter thenotch 0 the said sear being provided with a collar placed on the cam andadapted to be actuated thereby, all substantially as set forth.

6. In a fire-arm, the combination of a breech forming the grip orhandle, with a movable breech-block provided with an incline 0 a strikerin the movable breech block, a sear having two projections, one toengage the striker, and the other adapted to be acted upon by theincline c and a spring-actuated stock-plate secured to the movablebreech block, whereby the necessary movements are imparted to thefire-arm by simply pressing the weapon when grasped in the hand, allsubstantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PETEUs BLAOHON. ETIENNE MIMARD.

Witnesses:

NICOLAS CHAIZE, HENRI BRooHE.

